Real Estate Investing Glossary

Gross Rent Multiplier (GRM)

Last reviewed July 15, 2026

GRM is a property’s price divided by its gross annual rent, a quick screen for how expensive a rental is relative to its income.

What is the gross rent multiplier?

The gross rent multiplier (GRM) is one of the fastest ways to screen rental properties: divide the price by the gross annual rent. A $240,000 property renting for $24,000 per year has a GRM of 10, meaning the price equals ten years of gross rent. Lower GRMs indicate more rent per dollar of price.

GRM ignores all expenses, which is both its speed and its blind spot. Two properties with identical GRMs can have very different profitability if one carries double the property taxes or insurance. Its practical use is comparing similar properties within the same market, where expense ratios are roughly comparable, and quickly ranking a list of candidates before deeper underwriting.

Typical U.S. GRMs range from roughly 8 to 12 in cash-flow markets and 15 to 25+ in expensive coastal metros. GRM is the inverse of gross yield (GRM of 12.5 = 8% gross yield), and the monthly version of the same idea underlies the 1% rule (a GRM of about 8.3 corresponds to monthly rent of 1% of price).

Formula

GRM = purchase price ÷ gross annual rental income

Worked example

Three duplexes in one neighborhood list at $300,000/$32,000 rent (GRM 9.4), $280,000/$26,000 (GRM 10.8), and $310,000/$36,000 (GRM 8.6). The third offers the most rent per dollar and earns first look, though line-item underwriting must confirm taxes, insurance, and condition before any offer.

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Frequently asked questions

What is a good gross rent multiplier?: For cash-flow-oriented investors, GRMs between 8 and 12 are the traditional target zone, roughly corresponding to properties that can cash flow with normal financing. Appreciation-oriented coastal markets routinely trade at 15 to 25+, where properties rarely cash flow but investors bet on price growth. As with cap rate, "good" is relative to the local market, compare against similar recent sales nearby, not a national benchmark.
Why use GRM instead of cap rate?: Speed and data availability. GRM needs only price and rent, two numbers visible in any listing, while cap rate requires a full expense picture that sellers often shade optimistically. GRM is the two-second filter for ranking dozens of listings; cap rate and cash-flow analysis are the tools for the shortlist. Using GRM to make final decisions, though, ignores exactly the expenses that sink marginal deals.

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What is the gross rent multiplier?

Frequently asked questions

What is a good gross rent multiplier?

For cash-flow-oriented investors, GRMs between 8 and 12 are the traditional target zone, roughly corresponding to properties that can cash flow with normal financing. Appreciation-oriented coastal markets routinely trade at 15 to 25+, where properties rarely cash flow but investors bet on price growth. As with cap rate, "good" is relative to the local market, compare against similar recent sales nearby, not a national benchmark.

Why use GRM instead of cap rate?

Speed and data availability. GRM needs only price and rent, two numbers visible in any listing, while cap rate requires a full expense picture that sellers often shade optimistically. GRM is the two-second filter for ranking dozens of listings; cap rate and cash-flow analysis are the tools for the shortlist. Using GRM to make final decisions, though, ignores exactly the expenses that sink marginal deals.